PHP error [Warning]
PHP Error [Warning]
Renewable Energy Sources
serbian german english

    Energy is all around us. RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES are synonyms for efficiency and energy savings

    The ever growing energy demand, energy deficit which resulted in doubled global energy consumption, limited reserves of fossil fuels as well as alarming data on adverse emission –related effects (caused by disturbed balance in carbon-dioxide and other gases) greenhouse gases and impact on climate changes contributed to the fact that energy efficiency evolves into the sustainable development concept. Therefore, the greatest challenge is the transition to cleaner technologies followed by economic viability. Renewable energy sources along with their performance are highly promising.  As a result, more and more countries focus on additional researches, investments and development of renewable energy sources and their exploitation.

    Renewable energy sources are energy sources whose consumption affects the reduction of global energy reserves.

    Renewable energy derived from constantly restoring natural processes includes three of four basic elements (water, earth and air) as well as natural phenomena – light, wind, waves and geothermal energy. Regardless of different forms, renewable energy sources are virtually solar energy models. They are directly obtained from sun or heat generated deep in the Earth. Namely, biomass is produced by photosynthesis based on solar energy. Air circulation – wind created due to air temperature differences at different places, water circulation in nature as well as ebb and flow result from solar radiation. In the eyes of civilization, solar energy is virtually unlimited and according to estimates, the mass of the Sun, as a result of its radiation, decrease to one thousandth of its full mass over 10 billion years.

    Today, renewable energy sources comprise more than 18% of the global energy mix. The greatest portion – 13% stands for energy obtained by using biomass in a traditional manner often for heating purposes, while the large hydro power plants yield additional 3% of energy. Accordingly, the so-called “new energy sources” only generate 2.4 % of the total global energy, out of which 1.3% is associated with water heating installations, 0.8% electricity generation and 0.3% biofuels. It is estimated that renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy could meet 80% of global energy demand by 2050. Therefore, the transition to cleaner technologies along with reached economic viability would affect the environmental protection and combat climate changes.

    The different forms of renewable energy include electricity and heat generated from different sources such as: solar energy, wind energy, water stream energy, ocean energy and energy of ebbs and flows - hydropower, bioenergy, including all its models - biomass, biofuel, hydrogen and geothermal energy.

    Each of these sources possesses unique properties which define the method of application.

    • BIOENERGY: BIOMASS, BIOFUEL, BIOGAS – an alternative to fossil fuel. - The share of energy produced from biomass in industrialized countries amounts to 4 %, while in developing countries it amounts to 22 %. However, the greatest portion of energy is generated in the heat inefficient and traditional units.  Biomass accounts for 63% of the total potential of renewable energy sources. In the European Union, 58% of primary energy obtained from renewable energy sources originates from wood. Biomass as well as its products - liquid biofuels and biogas are extensively applied for energy, transportation, environmental, agrochemical, industrial and technological purposes.

    • Solar Energy – a sure path to the future - Finally, in the centre of everything the Sun must reside (Nicolaus Copernicus). The sun as an open fusion reactor fuses 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium releasing a huge amount of energy, solar energy into space (Hans Bethe’s discovery, 1938). The amount of solar energy that reaches the planet’s surface is huge, i.e. the total amount of solar energy absorbed by atmosphere, oceans and land amounts to 3.850.000 EJ per year, which is two times more than all non-renewable energy sources on the Earth. Solar energy as the cleanest source of energy may solve all our current and future problems, provide sustainability and chance for survival. Apart from environmental criteria, it also meets practical criteria – by potential implementation into various spheres of life. The industrial development of photovoltaic solar modules dates back from the first half of the last century. Their development has been primarily initiated in view of supplying satellites in the Earth orbit. Since then, the technology development has reached fantastic proportions in terms of simple implementation, installed capacity, reliability and price relations. Even though a considerable upward trend of installed solar systems has been registered in developed countries, the exploitation of solar energy, given its potential, is still inappropriate.

    • Wind energy – aeolian energy – a transformed form of solar energy and one of the most reliable technologies for energy generation. Wind energy has had been characterised by a remarkable expansion in electricity generation in the last two decades in relation to other energy sources. With 121 GW installed capacity, wind energy was the most common global renewable energy source during the last year in relation to 10 years ago when only 10 GW were installed. In the forthcoming period, it is expected that wind energy as one of the most important renewable energy sources will take an important place in the overall world energy balance. In terms of economy, wind energy ensures more jobs per invested dollar than any other energy technology. Each megawatt of new capacity for wind energy generation creates 15 – 19 new jobs.
    • Hydropower – the most important renewable energy source. It is the only source that is competitive to fossil fuels and nuclear energy. It is estimated that only 25 % of the global hydropower potential has been used. Even though electricity generation in hydropower plants has been tripled, its share in the total global electricity generation amounts to 3.5 %.

    • GEOThermal energy – the most efficient air conditioning, heating and cooling system in terms of economy and energy. The potential of geothermal energy is huge. Its potential is 50.000 times greater that the potential of energy obtained from fossil fuels. It is estimated that geothermal energy supplies are far beyond the energy supplies of coal, crude oil, natural gas and uranium together. It has been forecasted that the installed capacity of geothermal energy of 12 GW as it was in 2009 should reach almost 21 GW by 2015, which implies an increase of 89%. At the same time, by 2030, the production costs of electricity generated from geothermal sources may reach 7.3 cents/KWh, which is less than the anticipated costs of wind energy (8.1 cents/KWh on average) or solar energy (12.5 cents /KWh).

    Implementation of renewable energy source systems – energy efficiency

    • Renewable energy sources have the potential to become an energy basis of our civilization, meet both economic and social challenges as well as challenges associated with conservation and preservation of the environment in the fight against climate change.
    • When planning the energy future we have the opportunity to develop adequate economic future with sufficient energy amounts without being dependant on the global energy market and environmental consequences.
    • It is interesting that supplies during exploitation do not decrease, but the energy may be renewed again and again.
    • For the generation of “green electricity”, renewable energy sources combine economic potential that goes far beyond the present and forecasted future electricity demand.
    • Economic efficiency:
    • energy approach at affordable prices is a key prerequisite for social development of each society,
    • reduces dependence on energy imports (less reliance on volatile oil and gas prices,
    • affects the provision of reserves.
    • Safety of non-renewable energy production
    • Electricity generation and consumption management through a new concept of intelligent networks.
    • Comparative and competitive advantages in relation to energy obtained from fossil fuels in terms of efficiency and environmental requirements.

    bosch_logo_german

    wrth-solar

    ict-cluster-logo

    lufthansa_logo_2741

    wichtigste-kongress-messe-d

    website_header_eu

    logo_head

    evroline_logo


    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image
    • image